version

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Anyone into this lot? They old hat now? I first came across Kittler rummaging through Pynchon papers, he'd written something on 'electro-mysticism' in Gravity's Rainbow, iirc; Flusser I found via the French lot, a book he'd written on the vampire squid, then forgot about until recently -- been reading some of his shorter pieces on cities and technology.




Almost made another thread on this, but Kittler being a lit. professor sent me off on a tangent. There seem to be a fair few of these roving lit. scholars who end up known for something other than literature, people like Michael Hardt, who appears to be better known for his books with Negri than anything strictly to do with literature, and, a more recent example, Oswaldo Zavala, who recently published a book on Mexican drug cartels. Is this something peculiar to lit. professors or do you get this sort of thing from people in other fields too?

There's an old Nomad thread on 'digital media theory articles' that covers similar territory to this one, but it's probably better for the forum to keep the new ones coming.
 

dilbert1

Well-known member
We read Flusser and photography and I think something from that squid book in an undergrad art theory class. It could have been that it didn't signal as cool to me and so I didn't put enough effort in and got frustrated, but I remember it being really thrown and finding it confusing more than anything else. This particular passage about black and white photography stands out in my mind:

Grey is the colour of theory: which shows that one cannot reconstruct the world anymore from a theoretical analysis. Black-and-white photographs illustrate this fact: They are grey, they are theoretical images. Long before the invention of the photograph, one attempted to imagine the world in black and white. Here are two examples of this pre-photographic manicheism: Abstractions were made from the world of judgements distinguishing those that were 'true' and those that were 'false', and from these abstractions Aristotelian logic was constructed with its identity, difference and excluded middle. Modern science based on this logic functions despite the fact that no judgement is ever either completely true or completely false and even though every true judgement is reduced to nothing when subjected to logical analysis. The second example: Abstractions were made from the world of actions distinguishing the 'good' from the 'bad' and religious and political ideologies were constructed from these abstractions. The social systems based on them actually function despite the fact that no action is ever either completely good or completely bad and despite the fact that every action is reduced to a puppet-like motion when subjected to ideological analysis. Black-and-white photographs belong to the same sort of manicheism, only they involve the use of cameras. And they too actually function: They translate a theory of optics into an image and thereby put a magic spell on this theory and re-encode theoretical concepts like 'black' and 'white' into states of things. Black-and-white photographs embody the magic of theoretical thought since they transform the linear discourse of theory into surfaces. Herein lies their peculiar beauty, which is the beauty of the conceptual universe. Many photographers therefore also prefer black-and-white photographs to colour photographs because they more clearly reveal the actual significance of the photograph, i.e. the world of concepts.
 

dilbert1

Well-known member
Also with the literature stuff, someone else would probably know more but at a lot of schools if you want to learn about Marxism, structuralism, phenomenology, feminism, psychoanalysis, post-colonial studies, etc, you take "comparative literature" or "literary criticism" programs. These things are taken as lenses of critical analysis, different approaches to interpreting texts, so you probably get a distorted view of them as historically situtated bodies of thought and look at them more as "hermeneutic methods" or something. I don't know why or how this kind of grab-bag situation came to be the case but comp lit professors would (do?) publish in critical theory journals and haven't been known to be restricted to writing about poetry or novels for some time.
 

version

Well-known member
We read Flusser and photography and I think something from that squid book in an undergrad art theory class. It could have been that it didn't signal as cool to me and so I didn't put enough effort in and got frustrated, but I remember it being really thrown and finding it confusing more than anything else. This particular passage about black and white photography stands out in my mind: Grey is the colour of theory: which shows that one cannot reconstruct the world anymore from a theoretical analysis. Black-and-white photographs illustrate this fact: They are grey, they are theoretical images. Long before the invention of the photograph, one attempted to imagine the world in black and white. Here are two examples of this pre-photographic manicheism: Abstractions were made from the world of judgements distinguishing those that were 'true' and those that were 'false', and from these abstractions Aristotelian logic was constructed with its identity, difference and excluded middle. Modern science based on this logic functions despite the fact that no judgement is ever either completely true or completely false and even though every true judgement is reduced to nothing when subjected to logical analysis. The second example: Abstractions were made from the world of actions distinguishing the 'good' from the 'bad' and religious and political ideologies were constructed from these abstractions. The social systems based on them actually function despite the fact that no action is ever either completely good or completely bad and despite the fact that every action is reduced to a puppet-like motion when subjected to ideological analysis. Black-and-white photographs belong to the same sort of manicheism, only they involve the use of cameras. And they too actually function: They translate a theory of optics into an image and thereby put a magic spell on this theory and re-encode theoretical concepts like 'black' and 'white' into states of things. Black-and-white photographs embody the magic of theoretical thought since they transform the linear discourse of theory into surfaces. Herein lies their peculiar beauty, which is the beauty of the conceptual universe. Many photographers therefore also prefer black-and-white photographs to colour photographs because they more clearly reveal the actual significance of the photograph, i.e. the world of concepts.

That's a headache-inducing paragraph.

I read a short one of his the other night called 'The City as Wave‐Trough in the Image‐Flood' where he was talking the city as a network of masks. It's on JSTOR, if you're arsed and have an account.

Monoskop has some stuff of his too, and there's a Flusser Studies journal:

On Memory (Electronic or Otherwise)
Two Approaches to the Phenomenon of Television
Writings
Immaterialism


Also with the literature stuff, someone else would probably know more but at a lot of schools if you want to learn about Marxism, structuralism, phenomenology, feminism, psychoanalysis, post-colonial studies, etc, you take "comparative literature" or "literary criticism" programs. These things are taken as lenses of critical analysis, different approaches to interpreting texts, so you probably get a distorted view of them as historically situtated bodies of thought and look at them more as "hermeneutic methods" or something. I don't know why or how this kind of grab-bag situation came to be the case but comp lit professors would (do?) publish in critical theory journals and haven't been known to be restricted to writing about poetry or novels for some time.

Jameson's another one, probably one of the most famous. I noticed he'd done a short book on Chandler fairly recently.

9781784782184


There seem to have been a fair few people in the 90s taking cues from McLuhan and ending up in this zone of literature and the internet and cybernetics and hypertext and what have you. There was a guy called Donald Theall who was really into that, another lit. professor.

hypermedia joyce studies
electronic journal of joycean scholarship
 

version

Well-known member


I like what he says here about the two types of complex system: structurally complex systems and functionally complex systems. His point about images-as-copies previously being forbidden or viewed with distrust whereas now they no longer represent the world they're articulations of thought, they're models and projections, is good too, like a more constructive Baudrillard.

The interviewer asking for two important figures for him and him saying Barthes, whom he considers totally wrong, and McLuhan, whom he also considers totally wrong as well as a fascist, is great as well.

:ROFLMAO:
 

dilbert1

Well-known member
The topics Flusser explores and the way he talks about images brings to mind Harun Farocki. Based on your interest here and also in people like Baurdrillard and Virilio I really think you'd like Farocki's films, or what you can access of them. One of the great modern film essayists whose work usually concerns technology and the use of technical images, as well as documentation of the lesser seen sides of industrial production, advertising, corporate culture and labor processes.

He's made a ton but the art film industrial complex makes them very inaccessible. Luckily some of his most important ones are watchable. He even made a short one in '85 with Flusser, asking him to comment on the contents of the front page of a German newspaper, but of course its nowhere to be found online: https://mubi.com/en/us/films/catch-phrases-catch-images-a-conversation-with-vilem-flusser

The one I remember torrenting at some point and really enjoying is called War at a Distance and has to do with the way the images we saw of the Gulf War and the weapons used for the first time were merged in one device (the "camera bomb"). He has other films meant for galleries that deal with this and similar themes ("the connection between production and destruction") more succinctly (such as A Way and the earlier full-length Images of the World below) but from what I remember that one was great, a long overview synthesizing these ideas and more watchable. Fuck Video Data Bank and all these galleries hoarding his stuff. They are criminals. I will find it somehow and upload it somewhere.

Here are the ones most readily available:

A Way (2005) (13min)
Gotta turn on CC for this one




Prison Images (2000) (60min)
Images from the films of Robert Bresson and Jean Genet as well as documentaries of the Nazi period exist in dialogue with discarded surveillance recordings from maximum-security prisons in the United States. (IMDB)

A film composed of images from prisons. Quotes from fiction films and documentaries as well as footage from surveillance cameras. A look at the new control technologies, at personal identification devices, electronic ankle bracelets, electronic tracking devices. The cinema has always been attracted to prisons. Today's prisons are full of video surveillance cameras. These images are unedited and monotonous; as neither time nor space is compressed, they are particularly well-suited to conveying the state of inactivity into which prisoners are placed as a punitive measure. The surveillance cameras show the norm and reckon with deviations from it. Clips from films by Genet and Bresson. Here the prison appears as a site of sexual infraction, a site where human beings must create themselves as people and as a workers. In Un Chant d'amour by Jean Genet, the guard looks in on inmates in their cells and sees them masturbating. The inmates are aware that they are being watched and thus become performers in a peep show. The protagonist in Bresson's Un Condamné à mort s'est échappé turns the objects of imprisonment into the tools of his escape. These topoi appear in many prison films. In newer prisons, in contrast, contemporary video surveillance technology aims at demystification. (Harun Farocki)




Images of the World and the Inscription of War (1988) (73min)
"Explores the processes of visual perception and how they affect our understanding of history and society. In a work reminiscent of the writings of Paul Virilio and Michel Foucault, it examines a range of phenomena including aerial reconnaissance photos of the Auschwitz concentration camp."

The vanishing point of is the conceptual image of the 'blind spot' of the evaluators of aerial footage of the IG Farben industrial plant taken by the Americans in 1944. Commentaries and notes on the photographs show that it was only decades later that the CIA noticed what the Allies hadn't wanted to see: that the Auschwitz concentration camp is depicted next to the industrial bombing target. (At one point during this later investigation, the image of an experimental wave pool – already visible at the beginning of the film – flashes across the screen, recognizably referring to the biding of the gaze: for one's gaze and thoughts are not free when machines, in league with science and the military, dictate what is to be investigated.

Farocki thereby puts his finger on the essence of media violence, a "terrorist aesthetic" (Paul Virilio) of optic stimulation, which today appears on control panels as well as on television, with its admitted goal of making the observer into either an accomplice or a potential victim, as in times of war.

(Christa Blümlinger)




A New Product (2012) (36min)
"Scenes from meetings within a company which advises corporations how to design their offices -- and the work done there. The film shows that words are not just tools, they have become an object of speculation." -- Harun Farocki






And a couple excerpts from ones I wish I could see all of...



A Day in the Life of a Consumer (44min) (1993) [excerpt]
Harun Farocki plunders 40 years of advertising films, which he orchestrates to constitute an ironic 24 hours in the life of typical consumers. Mixing different colours, periods, various "ideologies of well being" to hold up a mirror up to our times, values, worries, hopes.

This collage of "beautiful images", gleeful and chaotic, deconstructs not only the domestic reference points which punctuate our daily life, but also gives full rein to an off-beat humour in the tradition of Brechtian distanciation.

(Andrei Ujica)





Ok this one deserves its own post really, a bit from his Creators of Shopping Worlds (2001) (72min). Absolutely fucking hilarious clip, I may have posted it before? German guy trying to sell the boss of a mall on a truly ludicrous design scheme
The designing of shopping malls is overseen by an army of planners, managers and scientists: there are consultants, re-launch analysts, a central association, mall magazines. 6000 guests and laboratories attended an annual convention in Las Vegas at which questions were investigated as where the gaze of a customer falls and how a "spontaneous" purchase can be induced.

Farocki shows how mall producers look at malls when they want to find out, for example, how passers-by move, where they stop and where they reach for an article. He adds these images to the everyday ones – and gives them a magical charge.

(Antje Ehmann)
 

version

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He came up in a middling review of a film I watched called All Light, Everywhere about the eye and police and commercial surveillance tech.


 

dilbert1

Well-known member
Should have said post-Dammbeck who is most certainly eminently comparable if not rivaling Adam Curtis
 

version

Well-known member
How was the film?

Alright. Nice to look at and there were a few good moments, but also quite dull. I did like how the editing of the film was shown within the film though. There were sections where you could see it being arranged on a monitor in Final Cut Pro or whatever software they were using then it zoomed back into the footage. Maybe it's been done before, but it was the first time I'd seen that.
 

dilbert1

Well-known member
Farocki’s work is quite dull too but in a much different way, sparing use of music, slow, dry and clinical, no pathos. But “beautiful” in its own meditative circuitous style
 

version

Well-known member
I've seen people breaking the fourth wall and highlighting process before, I meant specifically regarding software. I'd never seen someone do it within the computer 'til then. It'd always been things like Welles' documentaries where he's playing around with the editing and talking to the audience from the studio.
 
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