blackpixie

Well-known member
Part philosopher, part sociologist and entirely humanist, he studied tribes in Brazil and North America, concluding that virtually all societies shared powerful commonalities of behavior and thought, often expressing them in myths. Towering over the French intellectual scene in the 1960s and 1970s, he founded the school of thought known as structuralism, which holds that common features exist within the enormous varieties of human experience. Those commonalities are rooted partly in nature and partly in the human brain itself.

He concluded that primitive peoples were no less intelligent than "Western" civilizations and that their intelligence could be revealed through their myths and other cultural keystones. Those myths, he argued, all tend to provide answers to such universal questions as "Who are we?" and "How did we come to be in this time and place?"

His studies of American cultures, he said, was "an attempt to show that there are laws of mythical thinking as strict and rigorous as you would find in the natural sciences."

He was particularly intrigued with opposites, such as black and white, cooked and raw, roasted and boiled, or rational and emotional, that often serve as organizing elements in societies. He explored these binary concepts to find fundamental truths about humanity, noting, for example, that some cannibal groups boiled their friends, but roasted their enemies.

rest of article

relevant, no?

& rip mr. levi-strauss
 

zhao

there are no accidents
just an update after the escalation episode from 4 years (and 1 page) ago: while i still have not completely forgiven her for being the only one on the entire internet douchey enough to do such personal attacks in an otherwise diplomatic debate... we have stayed digital friends since. Also: Nomad is now living in California, going to grad medical school, and a master of Vipassana meditation.

seems like someone managed to get over the false dichotomy. bravo.
 

zhao

there are no accidents
interesting article. however ludicrously one sided and astoundingly arrogant in its complete dismissal of a massive body of knowledge based on flimsy "evidence".

Holism is but a new term to make modern western people understand a traditional philosophy, a way of doing things, and it seems like this guy doesn't know what it means. An example in medical terms:

Generally, when you go see an Asian doctor about an illness, the first questions s/he will ask you is about your daily life and environment - work, home, relationship, etc, to determine what kinds of stresses or conflicts persists. Secondly s/he will ask about your diet. Thirdly and finally s/he will ask about the physical direct aspects and history of the illness.

Ideas like this have been gradually, increasingly gaining ground in western practice, many decades after Mao was pushing Chinese medicine. In recent years we in the west are more and more aware of the fact that these things ARE INDEED inextricably connected, and physical illness can be manifestations of stress with emotional sources.

The fact that such connections between invisible factors such as emotional stress and visible symptoms of illnesses is common sensical to us is proof of how much Eastern and traditional medical ideas have, thankfully, become part of Western thought and practice.

Things like natural healing are also being more and more accepted with each passing day: ideas only a few years ago, which we have argued on this forum, are becoming more and more mainstream, such as the benefits and healing effects of raw, vegan diets.

Sure there are many of contradictions and examples of unsavory ideas and practices in China's present and past, we are talking, after all, of a long and wide history of medicine. What large body of knowledge does not contain contradictory doctrines and experts which disagree? But the existence of bad examples does not discredit the entire legacy. Bad Chinese restaurants in Berlin is no proof that the Chinese know nothing about food.

Sure Mao probably invented the term and sold it (of course a living tradition does not call itself "traditional" lol), but that is also no proof that the entire history of Chinese medicine is rubbish.
 
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zhao

there are no accidents
To learn more about acupuncture research, I would direct you to two publications.

Acupuncture Research: Strategies for Establishing an Evidence Base, by Hugh MacPherson PhD (Oct 26, 2007)

Integrating East Asian Medicine into Contemporary Healthcare, by Scheid, Volker and MacPherson, Hugh (Oct 24, 2011)

Currently our highest standard of evidence consists of meta-analyses such as this study published in the Archives of Internal Medicine, which proves a statistically significant difference between sham and verum acupuncture interventions, on top of a statistically significant reduction of chronic pain measures:

Acupuncture for chronic pain: individual patient data meta-analysis. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22965186

Acupuncture research has increased dramatically in the past 10 years, but we still face a slow process of research development due to the small numbers of researchers. The Slate article does a good job of showing how politics can influence medical policy (especially in highly controlled societies such as Maoist China), and it uses a few choice quotes that are easily cherry-picked to create a certain bias. However, it completely obfuscates the steady development of Chinese Medicine over the past 2,000 years (who cares about a difference of 1,000BC vs 3,000BC seriously, that is a moot point), replacing its complexity and medical effectiveness with the streamlined, politicized version that Mao promoted, and conveniently avoiding mention of its currently successful use in hospitals in Sweden, Germany, the UK, China, Taiwan, South Korea, etc).

I have a few criticisms of this article.

1) I find it amusing that this article spurred a debate about the scientific validity of Chinese Medicine. In fact the only time Levinovitz mentions the science of acupuncture research, (referring to the advanced work of Ted Kaptchuk studying acupuncture and placebo at Harvard Medical School), he immediately compares the scientifically significant studies of acupuncture and placebo with the statement that "some elements of Scientology are probably sound advice." Advice? Compared to scientific method? This is facetiousness, not skepticism. The author could more effectively compare the teachings of L Ron Hubbard to those of Chairman Mao. But instead he compares the results of valid medical research to the polemicism of a religious icon. He also concludes his argument with a nice blanket statement conflating the idea of Qi with the power of God. This is unscientific thinking at its laziest. Is his goal to convince readers that acupuncture is a religion? If so, then he has started to do a good job. Not so great however with objectivity or investigative reasoning.

2) Are most people missing the original point of the article? He is comparing the Senate Resolution to NAME A WEEK after Naturopathic Medicine (in the USA, 2013, in which around 10,000 NDs practice in the US as fully qualified primary care physicians) to the party line on national medicine used in Maoist China during the forced relocation of around 1/4 of China's medical practitioners from urban areas to the countryside, often armed with little over a handbook in the way of medical training. Wow. He then gives Mao agency by telling us that "Mao would have been pleased to see how the Senate resolution paid homage to these innovations." Rather than showing why preventative medicine and holistic care could possibly be harmful, or why NOT to name a week after Naturopathic medicine, he merely gives them a negative association by pretending to know that Mao would approve of their politicized language. Then he uses this negative association as a platform from which to denounce acupuncture (not naturopathy as one might expect) as the last resort of a society looking for a miracle to cure their chronically overweight, depressed, arteriosclerotic, cancerous huddling masses. Great, that is really helpful. But I am still confused about the goal of the article.

3) What is Levinovitz actually criticizing? Is he saying that federal acknowledgment of Naturopathy (by naming a week after it) is commensurate to erroneously advocating the use of Chinese Medicine? How, logically, does naming a week after NATUROPATHY lead to the absolute acceptance of Chinese Medicine in the US? Or is Mao somehow an indexical bit of language referencing the irrational endorsement of a nonscientific medicine? And if that were the case, shouldn't he be explaining how naturopathy is unscientific, rather than acupuncture? He seems to merely state that the language of holism and prevention are similar between Maoist Chinese Medicine and principles of Naturopathy, and that this language somehow becomes equated with "miracles, panaceas, and natural healing powers." Interesting. I would argue that Levinovitz engages in miraculous types of logic in order to hold this argument together.
- from comments
 

zhao

there are no accidents
This article, not its subject, is a very good example of irrationality and bad science.
 

Mr. Tea

Let's Talk About Ceps
Zhao, if your knee were jerking any harder we could attach it to a generator and solve the world's energy needs forever more.

Read the article again. At no point does it say what you clearly think it says or would like it to say, namely, "Chinese medicine is a load of old nonsense". What it says, among other things, is that Chinese medicine, to be taken seriously as medicine, should be subjected to the same standards of scientific scrutiny as Western medicine. Do you substantially disagree with this point?

In fact, the article is as much about Western (mis)conceptions of Chinese medicine as it is about Chinese medicine itself. Such as the idiocy of the sort of extreme cultural relativism that paints China as Ye Mystick Orient where the laws of nature and principles of logic are radically different or don't exist at all, and which comes in part from the mistaken belief that objectivity and empiricalism are uniquely Western ideas. Or about how many people have totally missed the point that complementary medicine is exactly that, i.e. medicine that's intended to complement conventional treatments. So we have a story about a guy who was treated with acupuncture for postoperative pain mutating into an urban myth about a guy was operated on with acupuncture as the sole anaesthetic. The article doesn't say "acupuncture is moonshine", it implies that you'd be foolish to rely on acupuncture alone to prepare you for major surgery - as evinced by the fact that Chinese surgeons use effective, modern chemical anaesthetics, just as Western surgeons do.

But, you know, please don't let any of that get in the way of a jolly good rant!

Generally, when you go see an Asian doctor about an illness, the first questions s/he will ask you is about your daily life and environment - work, home, relationship, etc, to determine what kinds of stresses or conflicts persists. Secondly s/he will ask about your diet. Thirdly and finally s/he will ask about the physical direct aspects and history of the illness.

Yep, someone should definitely tell Western doctors about the importance of diet and lifestyle to overall health, I mean they've really missed a trick there. :rolleyes:

Edit:

but that is also no proof that the entire history of Chinese medicine is rubbish.

For fuck's sake, did you even bother to read the article?
 
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Sectionfive

bandwagon house
BXnqagDCIAAN0i9.jpg
 

zhao

there are no accidents
Read the article again. At no point does it say what you clearly think it says or would like it to say, namely, "Chinese medicine is a load of old nonsense".

None of this conclusively discredits Chinese medicine, just as L. Ron Hubbard’s previous career as a science fiction author doesn’t conclusively discredit Scientology. Some aspects of Chinese medicine are undeniably effective (a prominent American authority on Chinese medicine now heads up Harvard’s program in placebo studies), and some elements of Scientology are probably sound advice.

comparing Chinese medicine to Scientology and basically saying that it is only effective as placebo... sounds very much like complete dismissal as nonsense to me.

The reason so many people take Chinese medicine seriously, at least in part, is that it was reinvented by one of the most powerful propaganda machines of all time and then consciously marketed to a West disillusioned by its own spiritual traditions.

again, he is basically saying that it should not be taken seriously.

did YOU read the article, Tea?
 
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Mr. Tea

Let's Talk About Ceps
comparing Chinese medicine to Scientology and basically saying that it is only effective as placebo... sounds very much like complete dismissal as nonsense to me.

The point he was making about Scientology is that a set of ideas don't have to be consistently valuable or consistently worthless. By all accounts Scientology includes some fairly advanced practical psychology, I mean William Burroughs of all people was a member of the CoS for a while and found their techniques very useful. That doesn't mean you have to take as gospel all the stuff about us all being possessed by the spirits of deal aliens. Similarly, acupuncture does seem to have something in it, in that people genuinely find it to be of benefit. Again, it's hard to distinguish this from a very powerful form of placebo, but from a phenomenological point of view, it works. And of course there are all sorts of herbs and whatnot used in traditional medicines in China and all around the world that have genuine medical value because of their chemical content.

But there is good reason not to take seriously the 'five elements' theory of medicine, or the kind of thinking that's leading to species being hunted to extinction because some decrepit millionaire thinks eating part of it will turn him into a sexual superman. It's based on pre-scientific ways of thinking and has been superseded by better theories (theories to which scientists and doctors from all over the world have contributed and continue to contribute).

And if a certain treatment from a certain culture is found to be no more effective than placebo in rigorous clinical trials, well I'm afraid that's just the way the cookie crumbles. Insisting Chinese medicine must work because you like the idea of it is unfortunately not a watertight argument for its effectiveness.

You've also completely ignored the bit where he talks about Chinese doctors hundreds of years ago effectively using anaesthetics, performing complex surgery and correcting old textbooks that were found to be correct. In other words, improving knowledge and moving on, no slavishly 'respecting' ancient, incorrect ideas just because they're ancient.

Ideas in medicine should be taken seriously on the basis of how effective they are for treating patients, not on how old or folkloric they are. If you think every element of ancient Chinese medicine should be taken seriously just because it's ancient and Chinese, then well...I dunno what to say.
 
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Mr. Tea

Let's Talk About Ceps
Really, it's false to distinguish between 'empirical Western medicine' and 'non-empirical Chinese medicine'. The only valuable distinction to make is between medicine that works and medicine that doesn't. There is no argument to be had over the fact that medicine based on empirical observation and study works a lot better than medicine that isn't. As the article points out, for hundreds of years Chinese doctors have been finding fault with established practices and developing new, better practices based on observations they'd made - in other words, practicing empirical medicine. Making progress precisely because they didn't hold ancient and traditional ideas in an attitude of uncritical reverence.

And on the other side, it's hardly as if Western medical thought isn't haunted by a whole load of pseudoscientific nonsense - the Wakeman MMR jab/'autism' scandal and other examples of anti-vaccine superstition, homeopathy, AIDS denialism, a non-stop drip of sensationalist bullshit about 'superfoods' and miracle vitamins, the gutter press's obsession with things that supposedly cause, prevent or 'cure' cancer...it goes on and on.

So if you want to take criticism of non-empirical medicine (which is entirely justified) as a criticism of Chinese medicine in its entirety, then go right ahead, but that's a profoundly mistaken view and, I say again, not what the article is saying.
 
banned ted talks

Good talk, he's right on some, but not all, of these. Some of the phenomena he describes aren't necessary, are ludicrous or are paranoiac. However the mind/matter problem remains profoundly insoluble for science for all sorts of wonderful reasons. I don't think anybody thinks deeper on this than Raymond Tallis, he's tricksy fucker when it comes to demonstrating the utter uniqueness and exquisite capability of any old human mind.
 

luka

Well-known member
i mostly wanted to wind up mr tea. the only tallis ive heard of is gordon, responsible for greatest tackle in the history of contact sport.
i'll look into it though
 

Mr. Tea

Let's Talk About Ceps

There's a double bind for the science mainstream with regard to 'mavericks' and cranks like Sheldrake. Do you attempt to engage them and explain why their ideas are nuts, knowing that the unreasonable are unlikely to be swayed by reason and that you run the risk of giving them a patina of legitimacy? Or do you refuse to engage them and give them the opportunity to cast themselves as the voice-from-the-wilderness telling the harsh truths that the arrogant science establishment can't handle?

This comes partly because of the stereotype of the lone genius overturning the established world view, so that a lot of non-scientists don't realize that paradigm shifts happen very rarely, perhaps a few times per century in a given discipline at most, and that the vast majority of scientific progress is accumulative, not revolutionary. So figures like Copernicus, Darwin and Einstein, despite being unrepresentative of the vast majority of scientists, have given rise to the belief that if an idea is called crazy by mainstream science, it's almost guaranteed to be correct.

Watching that video, it's kind of funny how much like a mirror-image Dawkins Sheldrake is. He starts out by mischaracterizing science in much the same way as Dawkins does religion, they even look and sound remarkably similar.
 
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