Personally, I would struggle to answer the question: What principles unite the different factions of the conservative movement? I don’t see that there are any such principles.
Droid says that the average big-C Conservative in fact unites all three factions. It is even possible, it seems to me, to go further: the average American voter unites all three factions. Hell, there are probably enough religious, hawkish and pro-business types to affect the Democrat average. Isn’t Obama waging drone war in the Hindu Kush? Hasn’t he kept Wall St relatively fat and happy? Indeed he is and indeed he has.
Craner says that all parties are coalitions of disparate interests, morphing this way and that as alliances are brokered or shattered, leaders come and go, times change and so on. Why can’t the Republican Party as an institution find its feet, put competent grown-ups like Bartlett and Frum in charge, reassert some authority and rediscover the pathway to power?
I think they’re both fair comments. On the other hand, I still think that the America conservative movement can be characterised in terms of a few mutually incompatible groups. If we forget about your average voter and the GOP itself, and think instead about the essence of, say, libertarianism, it’s clear that it is in conflict with the essence of traditional or religious conservatism. At least it’s clear to me. The two philosophies are antithetical.
No reason why a person can’t agree with some aspects of each, of course. I think that Murray Rothbard once stomped out of a dinner with Ayn Rand after she tried to get his wife to publicly renounce God, declaring her to be bat-shit crazy. And isn’t Ron Paul a fairly conservative Christian?
Nothing is ever going to change this fact—if it is a fact—because if it could, we wouldn’t be talking about the things that are essential to neoconservative or religious conservative philosophy.
That’s why, every time conservatives lose, we go through another iteration of the cycle, where there is much wailing and gnashing of teeth over who should be thrown from the troika. Foreign policy hawks don't actually care that much for religious extremists, and neither of them particularly care for dope-smoking, America-hating libertarians.